Kutch wrote:
"Hey," John said, "I know that dog."
"Two million babies die each year," he said.
See the difference? In the first one, the comma is actually part of what he said. "Hey, I know that dog." In the second one, it isn't. "Two million babies die each year." It would make more logical sense with:
"Two million babies die each year", he said.
No, in the second case, the comma replaces the period which would normally end his quote, because you haven't actually finished the sentence involving the quote. With the comma on the outside of the quotation mark, his words sort of trail off; it's not clear that there should be a stop there. Rotate the sentence the other way and you see what I mean:
He said, "Two million babies die each year."
The full stop at the end of the sentence is still necessary when you're quoting him, but it's replaced by a comma-termination when you're continuing the sentence after the quote.
Besides, while technically the comma in the first case
does belong at that point in the quotation, it's added more for the purpose of grammatically correct quoting than it is because it belongs in the sentence. ;)
Kinuki wrote:
I know there are exceptions to the rule of placing the punctuation inside the quotation marks, but I don't remember them as well as I'd like to. I seem to recall that if you're asking a question with a quote, then you ignore the punctuation inside the quote and place the question mark outside, so as to make it clear that you, and not the person you are quoting, is asking the question, i.e.: So, do you agree that "pies are amazing"? But it's been a while since I've had to learn the nitty-gritty of grammar so I'm a bit rusty on that.
That seems right to me. Something like: Kinuki asked us, "Did you know pies are amazing?" I didn't have an answer for him then, but I think I do now. What about you? Did you know? Do you think "pies are amazing"?